Subscription type signal translating apparatus



Oct. 30, 1951 SUBSCRIPTION TYPE SIGNAL TRANSLATING APPARATUS R. O. GRAY ori inai Filed Dec. 2, 1947 2 SHEETSSHEET 1 I0 F/gl n 12 23 R.F.Amp. J Video |3\ And 4\ Detector 1o r l8 Synch Vert Signal Sweep Separator Generator f I r 7 S?urce Switch Blanking g gg Device Generator v I HI Deloy Line SQZ And Swnch Genercfior F/gJ RICHARD O. GRAY INVENTOR.

HIS AGENT Oct. 30, 1951 R. o. GRAY 9 2,572,853

SUBSCRIPTION TYPE SIGNAL TRANSLATING APPARATUS Original Filed Dec. 2, 1947 2 SHEETSSHEET 2 Fig.2

l 29 1 i E z 29 1 1 1 l B L28 1 E 3| 1 3| 28 i I 1 27 I o X 27 I Ar 28 3| i 31 28 I29 I g g 29 Q 27 Li Li 2? ,Y

RICHARD O. GRAY INVENTOR.

HIS AGENT Patented Oct. 30, 1951 SUBSCRIPTION TYPE SIGNAL TRAN SLATING APPARATUS jltichard 0. Gray, Broadview, Ill., assignor to Zenith Radio Corporation, 'a corporation of Illinois Continuation of application Serial No. 789,268

December 2, 1947.

5, 1949, Serial No. 74,821

- 11 Claims. (Cl. 1'785.1)

" This invention relates to subscription type signal translating apparatus and is a continuation of the copending application of Richard 0. Gray, Serial No: 789,268,"fi1ed December 2, 1947, for Cathode-Ray Tube Blanking Circuits, assigned to the same assignee as the present application,

now abandoned.

The copending applications of Alexander Ellett et' al., Serial No; 742,374, filed April 18, 1947 for Radio-Wire Signalling System, now Patent No.

This application February toprovide a novel blanking voltage generator 2,510,046 dated May 30, 1950, and 0f Erwin M.

Roschke, SerialNo. 773,848, filed September 13, 1947, now Patent No. 2,547,598, granted April 3, l951,'for Image Transmission Systems, both of which applications are assigned to the same assignee as the present application, specifically disclose and claim certain subscription type television transmitting "and receiving apparatus. The Ellett et al. application is directed to a system in which a composite television signal is transmitted to authorized subscribers in two parts conditions, a key signal indicating the instantaneous mode of operation being transmitted ove a second channel. v I

In order to accomplisli decoding of a coded composite television signal of the type disclosed in the Roschke application, the scanning of the receiver-reproducing device is delayed with respect to the composite signal during intervals of operation corresponding to one of the two modes. By so delaying the scanning during reception in one mode, while permitting normal scanning during reception in the other mode, the video-signal component during reception in the altered mode is efiectively advanced with respect to the synchronizing-signal component, and decoding is effected. There is, however, an additional problem encountered in the use of such a system. The delay in the scanning with respect to the composite television signal results in a disconcerting flicker at each edge of the viewing screen, the reasons for which are to be more fully explained hereinafter.

It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a receiver for reproducing an intelligible image from a composite television signal coded as set forth in the Roschke appli cation while eliminating disconcerting flicker on minor portions of the viewing screen.

- Itis a further object of the present inventio for producing blanking voltage pulses at spaced time intervals to extinguish the trace of the image-reproducing device during scanning intervals of such minor portions.

Still a further object of the present invention is to provide a novel blanking voltage generator to produce blanking voltage pulses to extinguish the trace of the image-reproducing device dur' g portions of the normal trace interval.

One-embodiment oi the present invention provides apparatus for utilizing a composite television signal which includes video-signal coni-f ponents and synchronizing-signal 7 components and which occurs alternately in two different modes in which the time relations between the video-signal components and the synchronizing signal components are different, and for concurrently utilizing a key signal instantaneously indicating the mode of the composite signal and received over a separate channel. The apparatus includes an image-reproducing device having a Viewing screen area, and a scanning system is associated with the-image-reproducin'g' device to effect recurrent'scarming of the screen area in one direction. A decoding device coupled to the scanning system, and this device acts to delay the scanning with respect to the compositesignal during reception in one-of the modes while permitting normal scanning of the area during reception in the other ofthe modes, whereby the average illumination of minor por tions of the screen area is materially changed by a transition from one mode to the other while such transition has substantially no effect. on the average illumination of the major-portion of 'the screen area. A blanking. voltage en: erator is synchronized withthe scanning system and is coupled to the image-reproducing device to extinguish the trace thereof during the scanning intervals of the minor portions of non uniformillumination. f

The features of the present invention which are'believed to be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The present invention, together with further objects and advantages thereof, may best be understood, however, by reference to the following description taken in connection with accompanying drawings in'which: g Figure -l is a schematic'block diagram -of -a television receiver embodying the present inven-' tion, I

Figure 2 is a simplified graphical representation particularly. useful in understanding the in vention, and u .7

Figure 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the invention.

With reference to the system of Figure 1, radiamplified by a video amplifier l2 and are ape.

plied between the grid or control electrode [3 The detected com posite signals from the output-.oisystem. Ll. 3318;..." 10.

and the ungrounded cathode. Illoi an. image?- electron beam of such device. Synchronizingsignal pulses are separated from the-output of system H by means of a synchronizmg-signal separator 16 which may be of conventional conl5.- 1 chronizing-signal components 21 individually inwaveforms.

In order more clearly to explain the operation of the receiver of Figure 1, and in order to show how disconcerting edge flicker is produced in a receiver constructed in accordance Withthe aforementioned. copending applications; reference is made to Figure 2, wherein" there 'are shown in idealized and simplified form several pertinent vertically arrangedblack sections 26 and represents a simple image to be televised. Waveform A represents one horizontal line interval of the em'p s e ision nal received by antenna ucing device [5, thereby to modulate the I of the's'ystemoffFigure 1 for each line or horizontal scanning interval'of one frame. The horizontal line interval-shown at A comprises syn-.

: eluding-horizontal blanking pedestals 28 and struction, and the vertical synchronizinggsignaly pulses are supplied to a. vertical sweep generatheoutput of which is supplied to. the vertical deflection coils l8 associated withimageree di eine ic :The horizontal synchronizing-signal pulses, are supplied to a delay line and, switch network H! which is so arranged as to. allow the horizontal synchronizing-signal pulses to pass undelayed in thefpresence 'of 'a key, signalfrom an external source. and to delay-the horizontal synchronizin'g-signal pulses in theabsence of a key signal from source 20; or vice versa. Such a control of thehorizontal synchronizing-signal pulses. is ef-. fected by means ofaswitch device 2|, in which they vertical synchronizing-signal pulses are sup' imposed on the rectified key signal in the mantier disclosed in the aforementioned copending applications, connected between the key signal source 20 and delay line andswitch network IS, The horizontal synchronizing-signal pulsesfrom delay line and switch 19 are. supplied to a hori- Yeltaee e er tor 24 whi h s pplies at spac d m inter a s o h cathode 1- of devicev l blankin voltage pulses of, suflicientmagnitude-to bias. device [5 beyond cut-off thereby to eigetin uish the trace. ofhsnch device.

Reference mayv be hadto the aforementioned copending applications for a discussion of. the constructionand manner of: operation of compo-v nents, l9 and 2.l.. Components ll, I2,', |6,. I], and 21 may be of conventionalconstruction. Theuse ofa blanking voltage generator 24:v has, not been previously disclosed, and such the subject of the-p sent a pl a n- .It isto be understood that certainvariants of theisystem shown .in Figure lmay'be madewithont departing from the scope, of the invention. Forexamnl blank n voltage enera o 24 may be. modified to, produce-negative blanking volt: e ie pulses, in which. case, suchzpulses are sup:

plied to the control electrode l3 rather than tothe H relation between the. video -signal components 30 and the synchronizingrsignal, components 2]; for convenience this mode will be termed the normal mode. p

Waveform 3 represents a. second mode of: the r;;1,; mp1 )site'v televisionsignal infeach lineor horie z ontal scanning interval ofv a-succeeding frame inwhich the time relation betweeni'the videoj-sig; nal components 3 llan'd the .synchronizingrsignal components [2] is different from} that in the nor; malv mode;, as compared with waveform A, the video-signal componentl3'i'l. of. waveform B has been delayed with. respect to. the synchronizing signal component '21, in order to codethe cornpositetelevision signal during that frame- 'For convenience, the mode illustrated in waveformsB is termed the"a ltere'd model} A consideration of waveforms A and B makesfit.

ingssi nalcomponent-.21, is-distorted, The black sections 26 change. theirspositions on the view;

ing screen on the reprpducingdeyice from time toutime in a. horizontal reciprocating fashion. Th repro ced ma i h n e i o t on wh n th -ti er etiol betwee the, vi eoh c m n t -31 a d the er chrqniz sienel ompone t .Zl-is alt re iron) n con n o ano her 1- es, ea h the mode n-ch n a he r n mi t r, not s own) 1 a h ece ver. o Eie e l in e i bl or au t n .fiee ed by pr p r c rrelati n f the campsite e e s on si n ls; llustrat d y wave:

orms-A na. with ak r a alv ndicatin the instantane us t me r lation-b tween video-si nal ompo n 30 and ynchr n zin -si n m o.- nent .1.-

sueha receiver, d codi s a hi ved yv elayine, durin ;p io seiirece on in e a tered mode t e hor onta sea nine t .im errenro uoine. d v ce: w t r spe t to he com o e televi ion s n r The efieet of intro: du i su h a de a dn-ther eivines nnine apparatus;mayumoreneadilyzbe understood by referenceEtoz-waveforms A ,and-B'xwhich correspond res-n ctiv lrto eeep o ein; t e no ma mo e hown a Aandre pt o the al ered mode as showniat. B; Inorden-torshow the effect of A do laying the horizontalsscanninga-withrespect tothe 7'8 composite -televisionisignali.ithasibeen conven- A rectangle 25 contains a pair of ieiitto displace horizontally the zero-time refer-' ence of waveform B with respect to that of waveform A by an amount corresponding to the maximum alteration of the time relation between the video-signal component 30 and the synchronizing-signal component 21.. This displacement of time reference has been indicatedin the figure by the vertically misaligned zero-time references associated with waveforms A. and B.

At this point, a brief discussion of the scanning mechanism associated with the image-reproducing device is in order. A conventional horizontal sweep generator may comprise a blocking oscill atr which is triggered by the horizontal synchronizing-signal pulses at regular spaced inter.- vals. The output of such a blockingoscillator is converted to a saw-tooth current which is applied tothe horizontaldeflection coil to provide horizontal scanning. In the system of Figure l horizontal synchronizing-signal pulses from synchronizing-signal separator [6 are delayed during periods of reception in the altered mode by delay line and switch l9. Thus, in each transition from normal mode to altered mode or vice versa, the spacing between two successive pulses driving the horizontal sweep generator 22 is altered; however, since many synchronizing-signal pulses occur between transitions from mode to mode, all but one pair for each transition of the horizontal synchronizing-signal pulses are uniformly spaced in time. Hence, the transition from mode to mode effects a change in the phase of the scanning current applied to the horizontal deflection coil without substantially affecting its average value. At the same time the horizontal scanning covers a particular area on the viewing screen of the image-reproducing device independently of the mode of reception. The horizontal sweep length has been indicated in Figure 2 byvertical lines 32 and 33, which indicate respectively the beginning and end of each horizontal scan as a function of its position on the viewing screen of the image reproducing device. Thus, points in verticalalignment between waveforms A and B represent vertically aligned points on the viewing screen of the image-reproducing device.

. During intervals of reception in the normal mode, the signal received at the grid of the imagereproducing device is represented by-waveform'A' anaf is reproduced in the normal manner. In order to provide proper alignment between picture element in the altered mode and corresponding picture elements in the normal mode, thereby to provide decoded reproductionof the image, the presence of a key signal during intervalsof reception on the altered mode introduces a,time delay in the horizontal scanning of the image-reproducing device with respect to the composite television signal. This delay is indicated graphically in Figure 2 by the increase of the, time interval between the zero-time reference and the start of the scan as indicated by vertical line;32 in waveform B with respect to waveform A..- .In this manner, corresponding picture information, represented in the video-signal component 36 by voltage pulses 31, is brought into properalignment for intelligible picture reproduction.

- That the delay of the horizontal scanning during reception in the altered mode, in addition to decoding the reproduced image, results in disconc'erting edge flicker is apparent when it is considered that during reception in thenormal'mode. (waveformA'), a region X at the end of each scanning interval. is illuminated; region X is not.

illuminated during periods of reception in the altered mode because of the presence of the front porch of the blankingpedestal 28 during such periods. Similarly, during reception in the altered mode (waveform B), a region Y at the beginning of each scanning interval is illuminated; region Y is not illuminated during periods of reception in the normal mode because of the presence of the back porch of the blanking pedestal 28 during such periods. The average illumination of regions X. and Y, representing minor portions of the screen area, is therefore materially changed by-a transition from reception in one mode to reception in the other, while the average illumination of the major portion of the viewing screen area is unaffected by such a transition. This condition manifests itself as an undesirable edge flicker at each side border of the viewing screen of the image-reproducing device, even when the coded television signal is decoded by proper application of the key signal. In order to eliminate this disconcerting edge flicker'on the viewing screen of the image-reproducin device, the present invention provides a blanking voltage generator located in the receiver for biasing-the image-reproducing device to cut-off during the scanning intervals of regions X and Y, which intervals correspond to portions of the normal line scanning interval. If desired, the blanking volt-. age pulses may be made of such width as to overlap, either partially or completely, blanking pedcircuit which includes a variable inductor 46 Output 42 from the hori-' zontal sweep generator 22 (Figure 1) is impressed.

and a condenser 4i.

between the input terminals 43 and 44 and is converted to a substantially sinusoidally varying control potential wave 45 across capacitance 4|. Alternatively, any voltage in synchronism with the horizontal sweep voltage may be employedas input to terminals 43 and 44.

In the illustrated case, the control potential wave is shifted in phase by a suitable network which may comprise several series condensers 46, 41,- 48 and and associated shunt resistors 50, 5|, 52 and 53, and the phase-shifted sinusoidal potential wave 54 is applied to the control electrode 55 of an electron discharge device 56. The cathode 51 of device 56 is connected directly to ground, and the anode 58 is connected through a pair of series resistors 59 and 60 to the positive terminal of a source of unidirectional operating. potential, here shown as a battery 6|, the negative terminal of which is grounded. The screen electrode 62 of device 56 is connected to ground; through a resistor 63 and directly to the junction 64 of resistors 59 and 60. Junction point 64 is bypassed to ground by a condenser 65.

Device 56 and its associated circuit elements comprise a clipping and amplifying circuit which.

acts on the input voltage 54 at the control grid 55. By making grid resistor 53 variable, theclipping level is made adjustable; hence the width of the pulses 66 appearing at the anode 53 may be set at will. By making inductor 40 variable, the

made

connected to ground through a grid leak resistor 3&334858 w.. i cathode H v o d v ce 8. rounded. a ithe anode .2 is connected through aload. res s 13 t t epo t v rminal of perat n potential source 6|. Qperating voltage for; the screen electrode 14 obtained from source '6! through a screen resistor 1.5, and screenelectrode This bypassed to ground .by means of .a condenser 15. Output. taken from the anode: '|2- oidevice 68 through-a coupling condenser 1-1 and applied across an output resistor T8,..aQ1QSs which are provided output-terminals I9 andqBlJ;

Device 68- and its associated circuits act qas top.- clipping and amplifying means, and theoutput 8! appearing at terminals 19 and 8-0 comprises substantially square-topped pulses. the timeduration of these pulses being determinedbathe setting of resistance 53. Since the phase of; the voltage pulses B6 is dependent on the setting/of inductor 40, the. output blanking voltage pulses M are adjustable both as to duration andphase. In a practical application, the phase ci rthe blanking. voltage output is efiectively advanced so that the input. signals 42 are anticipated the output 8i, Alternatively, suitable networks may be employed to produce continuous voltages of, other: forms,,. for example, sawtooth, rectified sinewave, or: the like, from which maybe derived out.- put pulses of varying width and phase determined'by; the clipping level of device 56. It is also :within the scope of this invention to employ a single tube operating as both a bottom clipper and a-top clipper, .of usual construction, in place of. devices 56 and 68" and, the associated circuits.

The circuit shown in; Figure 3 provides output pulses of the same polarity as that of the input pulses; in theusual case, both input and-output pulses are positive. The positive output pulses arethen applied as blanking voltage-pulses to the ungrounded cathode of the image-reproducing device. However,- it is entirely. within thescope of thisinvention to provide negative blanking voltage pulses tothegrid of the image-reproducing device. I i The blankin voltag pulses, beingtri er d by the. output of: the horizontal sweep. generatorwhich is-in turni respQnsive to the key signal indicating the instantaneous; mode of the composite signal, shifts. from one edge of the horizontal scanning, interval. to. the other, and. these pulses are phased to blank the image-reproducing device during portion X of the horizontal scan. when reception is in the normal mode; and dur. ingportion Y of the horizontal scan. when .reception is in the altered mode. Thus, the blankingi voltage pulses shift. from oneedgeofthe: scan to'theother with each. transition from; one mode;

touthe other.

Whilethere havexbeenshown and: described certain preferred embodiments of the? invention, it is understoodthat. various modifications may: bezmade, and. it is contemplated in the appended claims to cover all such modifications as fall within the true spirit. and.scope.ofi theeinvention. I claim:; 1. Apparatus for utilizing. a composite-- television signal includingj; video-signal components.- and synchronizing-signal components and occursring; alternately in two; difierent. modes in which; the time relations between said componentsr'are 'diiierent and'ior concurrently utilizing: a: key signal instantaneously.indicatingthe mode of said composite signal: and receivedoven aaseparate channel, said. apparatus comprising: an imagee-r 8! awscanning:systemiassociated with said images reproducing device to cause recurrent scanning of saideareain. one direction; a decoding device coupled to. said-scanning system and-including": time delayapparatus. responsive-to said key. signal to introducei a-ti1ne'.delay in the-scanning of said-- area; during reception in one of said modescompensatethe changein time relation betweensaid video -signal and synchronizing signal com ponents; whereby the average illumination of minor portions of sa'idscreen area is materially changed by a transition from-reception 'in-sa'ielon'e"modem-reception=insaid other mode while the"averageil1uminationof the-major portion said screen area-4's substantially unaffected=by said transition; and 'a bla'nking voltage generator coupled to said image-reproducing device and synchronized with-saidscanning system for ex V tinguishing: the trace of saidimage-reproducing device-'tlirou-g-hout-the scanning intervals of saiifi minorportions.

2. -Apparatus for utilizing a composite tele'e' vision signal including video -si'gnal components and synchronizing-signal components and occur v ring alternatelyimtwo difierent modes in which? the; time relations between saidcomponents-- di'ffen'by a predeterminedamount and for con currently utilizing a'- key signal instantaneously indicatin'gthe mode oi sa-id composite signal and I received overa separate channel,- said apparatus tion in said -one mode to receptionin said'oth'ermode while the average illumination of the major portion of saidscreen area is substantially unaffectedby said transition; and a blanking ven agegenerator'coupled to said image-reproducing device and'synchronized with said scanning sys tent? for extinguishing the trace of said imagereproducing device throughout the scanning in tervals of said minor portions. 7

3. Apparatus for utilizing a composite teleit visioni signal including video-signal components and'synchronizing-signal components and oocur-" ring alternately in two different modes'in which the time relations -between said components are different and for concurrently utilizing a key" signal. instantaneously indicating the mode of saidcomposite signal and received over a separa't-J channel, said apparatus comprising: an image reproducing device having a'viewing'screen area;- ascannihgg system; associated with said image reproducingdevice to cause recurrent scanning of saiiinareain one direction; a decoding dev el coupled to said.sc'anningisystem and. includi g time delay apparatus responsive to said key sig nal -'to;introduce atime delay in the scanning ofjsaidarea during reception in one of said modes to; compensate the." change in time. relation be-1 tween said video-signal and synchronizii'ig-sig'nazl components-,;.wlierebythe average illumination; ofropposed marginal portions of said? screen} area;

reproducingiievicexhayingsa viewing screen-area: l5; changed by :atransition from 'ginal portions. 1 Y

ception said :one mode to reception in-said other mode while the average illumination of the intermediate portionof said screen area is substantially unaffected by said transition; and a blanking voltage generator coupled to said imagereproducing device and synchronized with said scanning system for extinguishing the trace of said image-reproducing device throughout the scanning intervals of at least one of said mar- 4. Apparatus 'for utilizing a composite television signal including video-signal components and synchronizing-signal components and occurring alternately in two difierent modes in which the'time relations between said components-are difierent and for concurrently utilizing a key signal instantaneously indicating the mode of said composite signal and received over a separate channel, said apparatus comprising: an imagereproducing device having a viewing screen area; a scanning system associated with said imagereproducing device to cause recurrent scanning of said area in one direction; a decoding device coupled to said scanning system and including time delay apparatus responsive to said key signal to introduce a time delay in the scanning of said area during reception in one of said modes to compensate the change in time relation between said video-signal and synchronizing-signal components, whereby the average illumination of opposed marginal portions of said screen area is materially changed by a transition from reception in said one mode to reception in said other mode while the average illumination of the intermediate portion of said screen area is substantially unaffected by said transition; a blanking voltage generator responsive to said synchronizing-signal components to develop blanking voltage pulses and responsive to said key signal to shift said pulses from the scanning interval of one of said marginal portions to that of the other of said marginal portions with each transition from reception in one of said modes to reception in the other of said modes; and means coupling said pulses from said blanking voltage generator to said image-reproducing device for extinguishing the trace thereof throughout the scanning intervals of said marginal portions.

5. Apparatus for utilizing a composite television signal including video-signal components and synchronizing-signal components and occurring alternately in two difierent modes in which the time relations between said components are different and for concurrently utilizing a key signal instantaneously indicating the mode of said composite signal and received over a separate channel, said apparatus comprising: an image-reproducing device having a viewing screen area; a scanning system associated with said image-reproducing device to cause recurrent scanning of said area in one direction; a decoding device coupled to said scanning system.

and responsive tosaid key signal to introduce a time delay in the scanning of said area during reception in one of said modes to compensate the change in time relation between said video-signal and synchronizing-signal components, whereby the average illumination of minor portions of said screen area is materially changed by a transition from reception in said one mode to reception in said other mode while the average illumination of the major portion of said screen area is sub stantially 'unafiected by saidftransition; and a blanking voltage 1 generator synchronized with said scanning system and comprising an input circuit responsive to a signal supplied from said decoding device for producing a control potential wave, a phase shifting network coupled to said input circuit for changing the phase of said potential wave with respect to said supplied signal, a clipping circuit coupled to said network for producing blanking voltage pulses at spaced time intervals determined by said phase-shifted potential wave, and an output circuit coupled to said clipping circuit and to said image-reproducing device for utilizing said pulses to extinguish the trace of said image-reproducing device throughout the scanning intervals of said minor portions.

6. Apparatus for utilizing a composite television signal including video-signal components and synchronizing-signal components and occurring alternately in two different modes in which the time relations between said components are different and for concurrently utilizing a key signal instantaneously indicating the mode oi. said composite signal and received over a sep-'- arate channel, said apparatus comprising: an image-reproducing device having a viewing screen area; a scanning system associated with said image-reproducing device to cause recurrent scanning of said area in one direction; a decoding device coupled to said scanning system and responsive to said key signal to introduce a time delay in the scanning of said area during recep tion in one of said modes to compensate the change in time relation between said video-signal and synchronizing-signal components, whereby the average illumination of minor portions of said screen area is materially changed by a transition from reception in said one mode to reception in said other mode while the average illumination of the major portion of said screen area is substantially unafiected by said transition; and a blanking voltage generator synchronized with said scanning system and comprising an input circuit responsive to a signal supplied from said decoding device for producing a control potential wave, an adjustable phase shift ing network coupled to said input circuit for changing at will the phase of said potential wave with respect to said supplied signal, a clipping circuit coupled to said network for producing blanking voltage pulses at spaced time intervalsdetermined by said phase-shifted potential wave, and an output circuit coupled to said clipping circuit and to said image-reproducing device for utilizing said pulses to extinguish the trace of said image-reproducing device throughout the scanning intervals of said minor portions.

'7. Apparatus for utilizing a composite television signal including video-signal components and synchronizing-signal components and occurring alternately in two diiferent modes in which the time relations between said components are difierent and for concurrently utilizing a key signal instantaneously indicating the mode of said composite signal and received over a separate channel, said apparatus comprising: an image-reproducing device having a viewing screen area; a scanning system associated with said image-reproducing device to cause recurrent scanning of said area in one direction; a de-- coding device coupled to said scanning system and responsive to said key signal to introduce. a

time delay in the scanning of said area during? reception in one of said modes to compensate the change in time relation between said video-signal and said synchronizing signal components,- whereby the average illumination of minor por itions f "said screen. area .is .materially changed :by a transition from reception in said one i-mocde ttoreception in said other mode while i the average TillllllllllfllilOIl of the major portion .of said screen area is substantially unaffected by said *transition; vand ablanking voltage generator synchronized with said scanning system and comprising-an input circuit including-aninductor and a condenser at least'one of which is variable for producing in response to a signal supplied from said decodingdevice a substantially sinusoidal control potentialwavaa ;phase shifting network coupled to said'input' circuit for changing the phase of said potential wave with respect 'to said supplied-signal, ,a clipping, circuit coupled to said network :for producing blanking voltage pulses at spaced :timeintervals determined by said phaseshifted potential :wave, and an output circuit coupled to :said :clippi-ng circuit and to said-imagereproducing device for utilizing said pulses to extinguish the traceof said image-reproducing device throughout' t-he scanning intervals of said minor portions.

8. Apparatus for utilizing a composite =television signal including videov-signal-components and synchronizing-signal components and occurringalternately in .two different modes 'in' which the time relations :between said components are different and for concurrently utilizing 'a key signal instantaneously indicating the mode of said composite signal and received over a separate channel, said apparatus comprising: an image-reproducing device having a viewing screen area; a scanning system associatedwith said image-reproducing device to cause recurrent scanning of :said area one' direction; a decoding device coupled ates-said scanning'system and-responsive -to said-key signal to introduce a time delay in the scanning of said area during reception .in one of said modes to {compensate the change intime relation between'said video-signal and synchronizing-signal components, whereby the average illumination of vminor portions of saidscreen :area :is materially changed loy a transition from reception in saidrone mode to-reception .in-said other mode while the average illuminationrof the major portion of saidzscreeniareafis substantially unafiected by said transition; and a'blanking voltage-generator synchronized with said scanning system :and -"comprising an input circuit'for' producing, a-control potential :wave in response to a-signal supplied :from said decoding device, a phasezshifting networkicoupled :to said input circuit for changing the phase rof said potential-wave-withrespect to said supplied'signal, a bottom clipping circuit coupled to said phase shifting network for producing blanking voltage pulses at spaced -time--intervals determined by said -potentia'l wave, andzan output circuit including a top-clipping circuit-for squaring said pulses and coupled-tosaid :bottom clipping circuit a and to said image-reproducing device for utilizing said squared pulses to extinguish the trace of' said image-reproducing device. through- Qut-thescanning intervals-of saidminor portions.

9. ,A. television receiver including: an image,- reproducing device having a viewing screen and including means responsive to the video-signal and synchronizing-signal components of a received composite. television signal forcontrolling said device. toilluminate a first area on saidscreenrduring a first series of intervals and to illuminate during .a second series of intervals a second area the major portion of which overlaps said first area, whereby edge portions not said screen are illuminated' less frequently major "p0rti0n; ;and a blanking voltage-generator coupled to saiddevice and responsive to said synchronizing-signal :components for developing blanking voltagepulses toextinguish lithe traces- 01 said device throughout thescanningintemalso! said-.edge-pwtions: o

:10. in television receiver including: 'anrimage reproducing: device having a viewing :screen including means responsive to thewicleo-signal and; synchronizing-signal components: :of Sta :received composite 'televisionsignal ziorzcontrolling said device to illuminate'ga firstiarea onsaid screen during avfirst 'seriesioftintervalslandfio illuminate during a second-series :01 intervals in second area. :the major portion 101 which-:overlaps said first area, whereby :edge.=-portions of said screen are illuminated less. frequently than major-portion; and awblanking voltage: generator comprising :an: input circuit: responsive isaid p synchronizing-signalcomponentsfor producingia control "potential wave, .a phase Shifting network coupled to said input circuit. :Ior- :changingwthe phase of said potential-wave,- a clippingcircuit coupled; to said network for producing :blanking voltage z'llulsest-at' spaced :time intervals determined by (said potential :wave, and; an output-dire cuit coupled to-v'said clipping circuit and :tosaid image-reproducing device .ior utilizing said pulses to blank said. device throughout-thexscanning intervals of said edge portions: a

:11. A television receiver including: animageQ reproducing: device: having :a viewing screen and inc1uding,;means responsive-to :the video-signal and synchronizing-signal components of areceived composite televisioncsignal'ror controlling said device to:illuminateracfirst'zareaon saidi screen during a first seriesqor intervals and to illuminate during a second series :of intervals a second :area the :maj ortnortion :of which overlaps isaid ifirst area whereby edge portionsvofrsaid screen are illuminated-less frequently than said .zmaior'tportion; and al bl'anking voltage generatortcomprisinga-n input: circuit includingraninductorandn condenser :at least onerofwhich is variable zand responsive to ,saidsrnchronizing-signal components: ior producing: ;,a' substantially sinusoidal. control tpotentialwave, anradjustableiphasseshifte ing'lnetwork coupled. tonsaid input circuit for changinget willthe phase ofzsaidwave, atclipping circuit coupled to said :network'tior producin blanking, voltage pulses at aspaced time intervals determinedby said potential-wave, andgan output circuit coupled to :saidv clipping circuit and to said image-reproducing device for utilizing :sai'd pulses to blank said device throughout the :scanning intervals of said edgewportions.

RICHARD O. GRAY. 7

REFERENCES CITED 7 The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS- Number "Name Date 2,251,525: 'Rosenthal Aug. 5', 1941' "2,320,699 Homrighous June 1,' 1943* 23691783 Homrighous Feb. '20, 1945" .2,'398;641. Homrighous Apr. 161946 2,402 ;067 Mathes v llune llyli ifi ..2; i.6.8,'25.6- .Esplev v -r.. Apr. '26, 19491 257-2374 Mayle June-"7', 1949- 1247-7 615 .Isbister w Aug. 52., .1941}v 

